Which terms describe laws meant to restrict the rights of freedmen in the South?

The laws intended to restrict the rights of freedmen in the South are best described as Black Codes. After the Civil War, Southern states enacted these codes to control the newly freed African American population and limit their freedoms and opportunities. Black Codes included provisions that enforced labor contracts, restricted movement, and limited the rights to own property and education, effectively trying to maintain white supremacy and economic control over African Americans.

In contrast, Jim Crow Laws, enacted later, institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination throughout the South, building upon the foundation laid by Black Codes. The Voting Rights Acts aimed to eliminate barriers to voting for African Americans, while the Reconstruction Acts were designed to manage the process of rebuilding the South after the war and ensuring African Americans' rights during Reconstruction. Thus, Black Codes directly relate to the immediate post-war period's efforts to undermine the rights of freedmen.