Which terms describe laws meant to restrict the rights of freedmen in the South?

The term that best describes laws meant to restrict the rights of freedmen in the South is "Black Codes." Following the Civil War, Southern states enacted these laws to control the newly freed African American population, effectively seeking to maintain the social order of the antebellum period despite the end of slavery. Black Codes varied by state but generally aimed to limit the freedoms of freedmen, such as regulating their labor, restricting their movement, and ensuring they remained a source of cheap labor.

While Jim Crow Laws are also associated with the legal restrictions on African Americans, they emerged later, post-Reconstruction, to reinforce racial segregation and disenfranchisement. The Voting Rights Acts are primarily associated with the efforts to secure voting rights for African Americans, particularly in the 1960s, and the Reconstruction Acts were designed to organize Southern states post-Civil War and aid in the reintegration of those states into the Union, rather than to restrict the rights of freedmen. Thus, "Black Codes" is the most accurate term for laws specifically aimed at limiting the rights of freedmen immediately following the Civil War.