What was the Gold Rush primarily characterized by?

The Gold Rush was primarily characterized by a mass migration to California for gold. It began in 1848 when gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill, leading to a frenzy of prospecting and migration. People from diverse backgrounds, including Americans from the eastern United States and immigrants from countries such as Mexico, China, and even Europe, flocked to California in hopes of striking it rich. This massive influx of people not only transformed the demographics of California but also spurred economic growth, the establishment of new towns, and significant changes in the social landscape of the region.

While whaling industries and agriculture existed in California prior to the Gold Rush, they were not defining features of this specific historical event. Additionally, although immigration from Japan increased later in the 19th century, during the Gold Rush itself, the most noticeable impact was the influx of people seeking gold rather than a substantial wave of Japanese immigrants. Thus, the key takeaway is that the Gold Rush was fundamentally marked by the quest for gold that drove so many to California.