What violent conflict arose in Kansas as a result of the debate over slavery?

The correct response, Bleeding Kansas, refers to the violent clashes that occurred in the Kansas Territory during the mid-1850s as settlers moved into the area with differing views on the institution of slavery. This period of conflict was directly tied to the concept of popular sovereignty, which allowed the residents of Kansas to decide for themselves whether they would allow slavery when they applied for statehood.

As pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers flooded into Kansas, tensions escalated, leading to a series of violent confrontations known as "Bleeding Kansas." This included events such as the Pottawatomie Massacre led by abolitionist John Brown and numerous raids and skirmishes between opposing factions. The significance of Bleeding Kansas lies not only in the immediate violence but also in how it foreshadowed the national conflict over slavery that would culminate in the Civil War.

The other conflicts mentioned, such as Shays' Rebellion, the Whiskey Rebellion, and Nat Turner's Rebellion, were driven by different social, economic, or political issues and do not pertain directly to the question regarding the disputes over slavery in Kansas.